{"id":33814,"date":"2018-01-24T11:33:21","date_gmt":"2018-01-24T11:33:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jrrtestate.wpengine.com\/home\/"},"modified":"2023-11-27T12:25:08","modified_gmt":"2023-11-27T12:25:08","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Accueil"},"content":{"rendered":"

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D\u00c9COUVRIR<\/p>\n

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T O L K I E N<\/h2>\n

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John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892-1973)\u202f: \u00e9crivain, artiste, \u00e9rudit, linguiste. Mondialement connu comme l\u2019auteur du Seigneur des Anneaux<\/em> par des millions de lecteurs, Tolkien passa l\u2019essentiel de sa vie \u00e0 enseigner \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oxford o\u00f9 il fut un \u00e9minent universitaire dans les domaines du vieil et moyen Anglais et du vieux norrois. Sa cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9, limit\u00e9e \u00e0 son temps libre, trouva son exutoire dans les textes de fantasy, les histoires pour enfants, la po\u00e9sie, l\u2019illustration et l\u2019invention de langues et d\u2019alphabets.<\/p>\n

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\u00ab La Colline : Hobbiteville de l\u2019autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l\u2019Eau \u00bb<\/p>\n

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E C R I T U R E<\/h2>\n

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Les \u0153uvres les plus populaires de Tolkien, Le Hobbit<\/em> et Le Seigneur des Anneaux<\/em> se d\u00e9roulent en Terre du Milieu, un monde imagin\u00e9 avec un d\u00e9cor \u00e9trangement familier et habit\u00e9 par des peuples anciens et extraordinaires. A travers ce monde secondaire, Tolkien \u00e9crit avec perspicacit\u00e9 sur les inqui\u00e9tudes universelles de l\u2019\u00eatre humain \u2013 l\u2019amour et la perte, le courage et la trahison, l\u2019humilit\u00e9 et l\u2019orgueil \u2013, rendant ses livres attractifs de mani\u00e8re large et durable.<\/p>\n

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P E I N D R E<\/h2>\n

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Tolkien \u00e9tait un artiste amateur de talent, qui peignait pour le plaisir et la d\u00e9tente. Il excellait dans la production de paysages et tirait souvent son inspiration de ses propres histoires. Il illustra de nombreuses sc\u00e8nes issues du Silmarillion<\/em>, du Hobbit<\/em> et du Seigneur des Anneaux<\/em>, dessinant ou peignant parfois en m\u00eame temps qu\u2019il \u00e9crivait pour visualiser plus clairement la sc\u00e8ne imagin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

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‘Mithrim’<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u2018hringboga heorte gefysed\u2019, <\/span>Beowulf<\/span><\/i>, line 2561 (\u00ab Le c\u0153ur de la b\u00eate sinueuse \u00e9tait m\u00fb [\u00e0 livrer combat] \u00bb)<\/span><\/p>\n

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S A V O I R<\/h2>\n

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Tolkien fut professeur \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Leeds et celle d\u2019Oxford pendant presque quarante ans. Il enseignait le vieil et moyen anglais, ainsi que le vieux norrois et le gotique. Ces conf\u00e9rences \u00e9clairantes sur des travaux tels que le po\u00e8me \u00e9pique en vieil anglais, Beowulf<\/em>, illustrent sa connaissance profonde des langues anciennes et en m\u00eame temps fournissent de nouveaux \u00e9clairages sur des peuples et des l\u00e9gendes d\u2019un pass\u00e9 lointain.<\/p>\n

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L E T T R E S<\/h2>\n

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Tolkien v\u00e9cut \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les correspondances \u00e9pistolaires \u00e9taient la principale forme de communication. Ces lettres r\u00e9fl\u00e9chies et produites avec soin offrent un aper\u00e7u riche de sujets tr\u00e8s vari\u00e9s\u202f: acad\u00e9mique, personnel et auctorial. Il n\u2019\u00e9crivit jamais d\u2019autobiographie et ses lettres repr\u00e9sentent aujourd\u2019hui le moyen le plus direct de d\u00e9couvrir ses opinions personnelles ainsi que ses espoirs et ses peurs tout au long d\u2019une vie longue et productive.<\/p>\n

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Lettre du \u2018P\u00e8re No\u00ebl\u2019 \u00e0 Michael<\/p>\n

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Family on holiday at Weston-super-Mare<\/span><\/p>\n

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La famille en vacances \u00e0 Weston-super-Mare, 1940<\/span><\/p>\n

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LA V I E<\/h2>\n

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Tolkien naquit \u00e0 Bloemfontein, Afrique du Sud, en 1892 de parents anglais. Il arriva en Angleterre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de trois ans et grandit \u00e0 et autour de Birmingham. Il sortit dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oxford en 1915 et combattit en France pendant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale avant d\u2019\u00eatre renvoy\u00e9 chez lui pour invalidit\u00e9. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, il se lan\u00e7a dans une carri\u00e8re universitaire en enseignant le vieil et moyen anglais. En parall\u00e8le de son activit\u00e9 professionnelle, il inventa ses propres langues et commen\u00e7a \u00e0 cr\u00e9er ce qu\u2019il appelait une mythologie pour l\u2019Angleterre\u202f; il s\u2019agissait de son \u2018L\u00e9gendaire\u2019 sur lequel il allait travailler toute sa vie. Mais son travail litt\u00e9raire ne se limita pas \u00e0 la Terre du Milieu\u202f; il \u00e9crivit aussi de la po\u00e9sie, des histoires pour enfants et des contes de f\u00e9es pour adultes. Il mourut en 1973 et fut enterr\u00e9 \u00e0 Oxford o\u00f9 il passa l\u2019essentiel de sa vie d\u2019adulte.<\/p>\n

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J.R.R. Tolkien in the grounds of Merton College, Oxford, 1968. \u00a9 BBC.<\/p>\n

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A U D I O – V I S U E L<\/h2>\n

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Jeune homme, Tolkien aimait jouer dans des pi\u00e8ces de th\u00e9\u00e2tre familiales \u00e0 No\u00ebl, et adulte, ses conf\u00e9rences universitaires \u00e9taient une sorte de spectacle, qui visaient \u00e0 capter l\u2019attention de ses \u00e9tudiants fatigu\u00e9s. Dans la lecture de ses propres textes, nous pouvons entendre son talent dramatique quand il joue le r\u00f4le de diff\u00e9rents personnages, y compris le sifflement de Gollum, un Sam Gamgie terre \u00e0 terre et un Roi Th\u00e9oden fatigu\u00e9 mais d\u00e9termin\u00e9. Apr\u00e8s le succ\u00e8s du Seigneur des Anneaux<\/em>, il \u00e9tait souvent sollicit\u00e9 pour des interviews et avait une pr\u00e9sence naturelle et charmeuse, \u00e0 la fois au micro et \u00e0 la cam\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n

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J.R.R. Tolkien sur le terrain du Merton College, Oxford, 1968. \u00a9 BBC.<\/p>\n

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La Fraternit\u00e9 de l\u2019Anneau<\/p>\n

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D\u00c9COUVRIRT O L K I E NJohn Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892-1973)\u202f: \u00e9crivain, artiste, \u00e9rudit, linguiste. 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