{"id":35409,"date":"2021-04-14T12:28:33","date_gmt":"2021-04-14T11:28:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jrrtestate.wpengine.com\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-thoughts-on-translation-beowulf\/"},"modified":"2022-11-22T17:26:18","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T17:26:18","slug":"j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/","title":{"rendered":"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.6.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#2f3534″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb animation_direction=\u00a0\u00bbtop\u00a0\u00bb border_width_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_bottom=\u00a0\u00bb#4e5956″ saved_tabs=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb20px||20px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text module_class=\u00a0\u00bbyoastBC\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb|||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9f8d60″ link_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9f8d60″ text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]Home<\/a><\/span><\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.14.8″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#2f3534″ use_background_color_gradient=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb background_color_gradient_start=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.25)\u00a0\u00bb background_color_gradient_end=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.25)\u00a0\u00bb background_color_gradient_overlays_image=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb background_image=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/756-colour.png\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb220px||220px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb100px||100px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.6.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb24px\u00a0\u00bb text_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb9px\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

SCHOLARSHIP<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.6.1″ _dynamic_attributes=\u00a0\u00bbcontent\u00a0\u00bb _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb header_text_align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb header_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb60px\u00a0\u00bb header_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb15px\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size_phone=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb header_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_letter_spacing_phone=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb header_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IjxoMT4iLCJhZnRlciI6IjwvaDE+In19@[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#f7f7f1″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.6.1″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb20px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb link_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9f8d60″ width=\u00a0\u00bb66%\u00a0\u00bb width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb animation_style=\u00a0\u00bbfade\u00a0\u00bb animation_duration=\u00a0\u00bb1500ms\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Christopher Tolkien introduces his father\u2019s previously unpublished views on translation.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.5.6″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.6.1″ width=\u00a0\u00bb50%\u00a0\u00bb width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb80%\u00a0\u00bb width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.4″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.14.8″ text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.9em\u00a0\u00bb quote_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb animation_style=\u00a0\u00bbfade\u00a0\u00bb animation_duration=\u00a0\u00bb1500ms\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″]<\/p>\n

Cette note in\u00e9dite de J.R.R. Tolkien est introduite par Christopher Tolkien, pour accompagner la parution de Beowulf. Traduction et Commentaire, avec Sellic Spell<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

J.R.R.Tolkien avait r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une traduction en prose de\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Beowulf<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em>vers 1926, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 il fut \u00e9lu professeur d\u2019anglo-saxon \u00e0 Oxford\u00a0; il avait 34 ans. Le texte avait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0termin\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb en ce sens qu\u2019il allait du d\u00e9but \u00e0 la fin du po\u00e8me, mais on ne saurait le dire \u00ab\u00a0achev\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, car l\u2019auteur y revint ult\u00e9rieurement pour apporter des corrections h\u00e2tives\u00a0aux endroits o\u00f9 il avait chang\u00e9 d\u2019avis concernant l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation de mots ou passages en vieil anglais, ou la pertinence des termes modernes qu\u2019il avait employ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Mais ses conf\u00e9rences universitaires prononc\u00e9es dans les ann\u00e9es 1930 et express\u00e9ment consacr\u00e9es au texte du po\u00e8me \u00e9clairent grandement sa traduction ; c\u2019est \u00e0 partir de ces r\u00e9flexions qu\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 un commentaire pour\u00a0<\/span>Beowulf. Traduction et commentaire, avec Sellic Spell<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Rien ne prouve que l\u2019auteur ait envisag\u00e9 un jour de publier sa traduction de \u00a0Beowulf<\/em>, mais dans un \u00e9crit in\u00e9dit datant de 1963 (environ), il exposait de mani\u00e8re lucide son opinion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale sur une telle publication et les arguments en sa faveur :<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L’argument le plus \u00e9vident en faveur d’une traduction est que l\u2019\u0153uvre traduite vaut la peine d\u2019\u00eatre lue,<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>intrins\u00e8quement ou pour toute autre raison d\u2019ordre historique ou acad\u00e9mique, et elle vaut la peine d\u2019\u00eatre lue par ceux qui ne connaissent pas la langue de son auteur d\u2019origine et dont on ne peut attendre qu\u2019ils l\u2019apprennent.<\/p>\n

Voil\u00e0, je suppose, l’argument g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement mis en avant, mais il existe divers degr\u00e9s entre l\u2019ignorance totale et la ma\u00eetrise parfaite d\u2019un idiome \u00e9tranger. Cette derni\u00e8re est rarement acquise par qui que ce soit, pas m\u00eame les traducteurs et certainement pas par moi. Et m\u00eame si l\u2019on parvient \u00e0 une certaine ma\u00eetrise, il est, je crois, incontestable que dans le cas de textes qui sont devenus des objets d\u2019\u00e9tude, qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pi\u00e9tin\u00e9s par des professeurs, des \u00e9diteurs et des \u00e9tudiants, on s\u2019applique de moins en moins \u00e0 v\u00e9ritablement entendre l\u2019\u0153uvre originale.<\/p>\n

Entendre<\/em>, et non\u00a0<\/span>lire<\/em>; car lire sugg\u00e8re une \u00e9tude attentive et silencieuse, la r\u00e9flexion sur les mots, la solution d\u2019une s\u00e9rie d\u2019\u00e9nigmes, mais entendre devrait signifier recevoir, \u00e0 la vitesse d\u2019une langue famili\u00e8re, l\u2019effet imm\u00e9diat de la m\u00e9lodie et du sens tout ensemble.<\/p>\n

Dans toute langue v\u00e9ritable, les deux sont unis\u00a0; s\u00e9par\u00e9s, m\u00eame par la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9tude, ils s\u2019\u00e9tiolent.<\/p>\n

Un traducteur peut esp\u00e9rer (ou inconsid\u00e9r\u00e9ment d\u00e9sirer) r\u00e9parer ce divorce, dans la mesure du possible. Et s\u2019il y parvient \u00e0 quelque degr\u00e9 que ce soit, il peut alors \u00eatre utile m\u00eame \u00e0 ceux dont les connaissances sont sup\u00e9rieures aux siennes. On peut rarement \u00e9galer, ou ne serait-ce qu\u2019approcher, le caract\u00e8re imm\u00e9diat d\u2019une langue maternelle.<\/p>\n

Et lorsque, comme dans le cas du lecteur anglais confront\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0<\/span>Pearl\u00a0<\/span><\/em>et\u00a0<\/span>Gauvain<\/em>, la langue \u00e0 traduire est l\u2019anglais, mais d\u2019un genre que le passage du temps et les changements de l\u2019anglais litt\u00e9raire ont rendu inintelligible \u00e0 moins de l’\u00e9tudier, rares sont m\u00eame ceux qui, ayant subi cette \u00e9tude, ont en fait d\u00e9j\u00e0 entendu l\u2019un ou l\u2019autre de ces po\u00e8mes\u00a0: autement dit, qui les ont per\u00e7us avec la m\u00eame imm\u00e9diatet\u00e9 qu\u2019un homme vivant \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque et dans les m\u00eames circonstances que l\u2019auteur. Y parvenir exigerait, bien s\u00fbr, une machine \u00e0 remonter le temps, qui permettrait d\u2019abord d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir le dialecte et l\u2019idiome litt\u00e9raire familiers \u00e0 l\u2019auteur, puis d\u2019\u00e9couter son \u0153uvre. L\u2019unique substitut concret d\u2019une telle machine est la traduction, aussi imparfaite soit-elle.<\/p>\n

Comment peut-on faire pour qu\u2019une traduction agisse de cette mani\u00e8re, aussi imparfaite cette mani\u00e8re soit-elle ?<\/p>\n

Tout d\u2019abord, par une all\u00e9geance absolue \u00e0 la chose traduite\u00a0: \u00e0 son sens, \u00e0 son style, \u00e0 sa technique et \u00e0 sa forme.<\/p>\n

La langue utilis\u00e9e en traduction n\u2019est, pour ce faire, qu\u2019un instrument, qu\u2019il faut manipuler de sorte \u00e0 reproduire, \u00e0 rendre de nouveau audible, aussi fid\u00e8lement que possible, l\u2019\u0153uvre ancienne.<\/p>\n

Par bonheur, l\u2019anglais moderne (moderne litt\u00e9raire et non familier contemporain) est un instrument d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande capacit\u00e9 et aux tr\u00e8s grandes ressources, il a une longue exp\u00e9rience qui n’est pas encore oubli\u00e9e et de profondes racines dans le pass\u00e9, dont toutes n\u2019ont pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 arrach\u00e9es.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Home<\/a><\/span><\/span>SCHOLARSHIPChristopher Tolkien introduces his father\u2019s previously unpublished views on translation.Cette note in\u00e9dite de J.R.R. Tolkien est introduite par Christopher Tolkien, pour accompagner la parution de Beowulf. Traduction et Commentaire, avec Sellic Spell. J.R.R.Tolkien avait r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une traduction en prose de\u00a0Beowulf\u00a0vers 1926, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 il fut \u00e9lu professeur d\u2019anglo-saxon \u00e0 Oxford\u00a0; il avait 34 ans. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":33968,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35409","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nJ.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SCHOLARSHIPChristopher Tolkien introduces his father\u2019s previously unpublished views on translation.Cette note in\u00e9dite de J.R.R. Tolkien est introduite par Christopher Tolkien, pour accompagner la parution de Beowulf. Traduction et Commentaire, avec Sellic Spell. J.R.R.Tolkien avait r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une traduction en prose de\u00a0Beowulf\u00a0vers 1926, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 il fut \u00e9lu professeur d\u2019anglo-saxon \u00e0 Oxford\u00a0; il avait 34 ans. […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Tolkien Estate\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-11-22T17:26:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\\\/\",\"name\":\"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-14T11:28:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-11-22T17:26:18+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Savoir\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/fr\\\/savoir\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Tolkien Estate\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tolkienestate.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate","og_description":"SCHOLARSHIPChristopher Tolkien introduces his father\u2019s previously unpublished views on translation.Cette note in\u00e9dite de J.R.R. Tolkien est introduite par Christopher Tolkien, pour accompagner la parution de Beowulf. Traduction et Commentaire, avec Sellic Spell. J.R.R.Tolkien avait r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une traduction en prose de\u00a0Beowulf\u00a0vers 1926, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 il fut \u00e9lu professeur d\u2019anglo-saxon \u00e0 Oxford\u00a0; il avait 34 ans. […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/","og_site_name":"The Tolkien Estate","article_modified_time":"2022-11-22T17:26:18+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/","url":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/","name":"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf - The Tolkien Estate","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-04-14T11:28:33+00:00","dateModified":"2022-11-22T17:26:18+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/j-r-r-tolkien-note-sur-la-traduction-de-beowulf\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Savoir","item":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/savoir\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"J.R.R. Tolkien ~ Note sur la Traduction de Beowulf"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/","name":"The Tolkien Estate","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35409","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35409"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35409\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tolkienestate.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}